{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiifapi/101411000/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 大珠","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Pendant","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 大珠（坠饰）","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 비취제 대주(드리개)","@language":"ko"}],"metadata":[{"label":[{"@value":"指定区分","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Designation","@language":"en"},{"@value":"指定等级","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"문화재 지정 구분","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"重要文化財","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Important Cultural Property","@language":"en"},{"@value":"重要文化财","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"중요문화재","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"分野","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Category","@language":"en"},{"@value":"类别","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"분야","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"考古","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Archaeology","@language":"en"},{"@value":"考古","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"고고","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"名称よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"たいしゅ","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"指定名称","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"硬玉製大珠","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"出土地","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Excavation","@language":"en"},{"@value":"出土地","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"출토지","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"伝福島県会津若松市大町出土","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Reportedly from Ōmachi, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima","@language":"en"},{"@value":"传福岛县会津若松市大町出土","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"후쿠시마현 아이즈와카마쓰시 오정 출토로 전해짐","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"員数","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"数量","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"수량","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"1個","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"1颗","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"1점","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"品質形状","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Media","@language":"en"},{"@value":"材质形状","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"재질/형태","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"石製（翡翠製）","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Stone (jade)","@language":"en"},{"@value":"石制（翡翠）","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"석제(비취제)","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"法量","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Dimensions","@language":"en"},{"@value":"尺寸","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"크기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"長14.8　幅3.9　厚3.0","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Length 14.8, width 3.9, thickness 3.0","@language":"en"},{"@value":"长14.8 宽3.9 厚3.0","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"길이 14.8, 너비 3.9, 두께 3.0","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"時代・世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Period,Century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"年代・世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"시대・세기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"縄文時代　前3000〜前2000年","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Jōmon period, 3000–2000 BCE","@language":"en"},{"@value":"绳文时代 公元前3000-前2000年","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"조몬시대, 기원전 3,000~기원전 2,000년","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"所蔵者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Owner","@language":"en"},{"@value":"收藏家","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"소장자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"九州国立博物館","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kyushu National Museum","@language":"en"},{"@value":"九州国立博物馆","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"규슈국립박물관","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"各館作品番号","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Collection reference no.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"机构管理序号","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"기관관리번호","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"J660","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"J660","@language":"en"},{"@value":"J660","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"J660","@language":"ko"}]}],"description":[{"@value":"　鰹節形と称される長楕円形の石製垂飾である。表面には製作時の細かな凹凸を残しているが、比較的丁寧に研磨が行われている。穿孔は中央付近に一か所見られ、片側から行われている。石材は翡翠で、新潟県糸魚川産と推定される緑色の透明度の高い良質なものである。\r\n　縄文時代後半期には、緑色石材製の垂飾が流行した。大珠はその一例で、中期の東日本で発達し、後期には西日本へと伝わった。本品のような翡翠製のものは、特に東日本で特徴的に見られるものである。九州の大珠は形態的には東日本のものに類似するものの、石材は緑色や白色の翡翠に似た地元の石材が選択された。各地で展開する大珠から、縄文時代の地域性や交流を知ることができる。\r\n　翡翠製の大珠については、全長10cm前後までのものが一般的である。最も大きい全長15cm前後のものは本品を含め僅か3例しか知られておらず、いずれも重要文化財に指定されている。\r\n　本品の出土地については、伝福島県会津若松市大町とされる。出土した時期は不明であるが、二瓶清(1883-1965)の著書『会津文化史 第1編 　会津に於ける石器時代』（昭和12年）に写真が掲載されており、この刊行より以前の出土であることが分かる。\r\n<span style=\"display: block; text-align: right;\"><志賀智史執筆, 2024></span>","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"This large oval stone pendant is likened to the shape of <i>katsuobushi</i>. These are slices of skipjack tuna that have been simmered, smoked, and fermented into hard fillets. Although rough bumps and dents remain from its creation process, it has been carefully polished. A single hole near its center was bored from one side. Crafted out of high quality, transparent green jade, it likely came from Itoigawa, a city in southwestern Niigata.\r\n\r\nHanging ornaments made of green stones were popular during the late Jōmon period (2470–1250 BCE). These included large pendants that originated in eastern Japan during the middle Jōmon period (3520–2470 BCE), spreading to western Japan in the latter half of that period. Jade pendants like this one, however, are unique to eastern Japan. While resembling the shape of eastern Japanese pendants, those from Kyushu tend to be made of local stone that looked like green and white jade. Studying the large pendants produced across Japan can offer insights into the characteristics of different regions and the kind of exchange that took place between them during the Jōmon period.\r\n\r\nAlthough large jade pendants are usually around 10 cm long, three known examples measure 15 cm, including this object. All three of these longer pendants have been designated Important Cultural Properties by the Japanese government.\r\n\r\nThis object was reportedly found in Ōmachi in Aizuwakamatsu, a city in Fukushima. While its exact excavation date is unknown, a photo of it appears in <i>Cultural History of Aizu, Vol. 1: Aizu in the Stone Age</i> (1937), by Nihei Kiyoshi (1883–1965). The image of this pendant indicates that its excavation predates the publication of this book. \r\n\r\n<span style=\"display: block; text-align: right;\">By Shiga Takeshi, 2024/Translated by Rachel Lam, Edited by Sheila Ryan</span>","@language":"en"},{"@value":"　　本品坠饰，椭圆形，长约15厘米，属大型珠玉，故名“大珠”，其研磨较细致，表面见一些细微的凹凸痕迹，可能为制作时所留。本品中央穿孔，孔由单侧凿出，所用石材推定为新潟县丝鱼川所产优质高透绿色翡翠。\r\n　　绳纹时代后半期绿色石材坠饰十分盛行，大珠为其中一类，其在绳纹时代中期流行于东部地区，后期时传至西部，似本品一般的翡翠制品显示出东部地区的特征。九州地区亦见大珠，其外形与东部地区制品类似，而材料有所不同，为当地所产的绿或白色石材。东西部地区所见的大珠，不仅反映出各自的地域性，而且能从中推知地区之间往来交流的状况。\r\n　　翡翠制大珠一般长约10厘米，目前已知尺寸最大的约15厘米，大型珠数量极少，包括本品共三件，均已认定为重要文化遗产。\r\n　　本品据传出土于福岛县会津若松市大町，出土年代不详。作为推定其出土年代的一个参考，可举学者二瓶清（1883-1965）著《会津文化史 第一卷 会津的石器时代》（昭和12年，1937年）一书，书中载有本品照片，由此可知其出土时间必先于这一著作的出版年。\r\n\r\n<span style=\"display: block; text-align: right;\"><志贺智史执笔，2024 / 肖佳瑞译，李梅校正></span>","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"　‘가다랑어포형(鰹節形)’이라 불리는 긴 타원 모양의 석제 드리개이다. 표면에는 제작할 때 생긴 세세한 요철이 남아 있으나 비교적 꼼꼼하게 연마되어 있다. 가운데 부근에는 한쪽 방향으로 뚫은 구멍 하나가 있다. 소재로 쓴 비취는 니가타현(新潟縣) 이토이강(糸魚川)에서 채굴된 것으로 추정되며 녹색을 띠고 투명도가 높은 양질의 돌이다.\r\n 조몬시대 후반기에는 녹색 석재로 만든 드리개가 유행했다. 대주(大珠)가 그 일례로, 조몬시대 중기에 일본 동부 지방에서 발달하여 후기에는 서부 지방으로 전해졌다. 이 유물처럼 비취로 만든 장식품은 특히 동부 지방에서 특징적으로 찾아볼 수 있다. 규슈의 대주는 형태로 보면 동부 지방의 유물과 유사하지만, 재료는 비취와 유사한 녹색 또는 백색의 현지 석재를 사용했다. 각지에서 만들어진 대주를 통해 조몬시대의 지역성과 지역 간 교류에 관해 알 수 있다.\r\n　비취로 만든 대주는 전체 길이가 10cm 전후인 것이 일반적이다. 크기가 가장 큰 전체 길이 15cm 전후인 것은 이 유물을 포함하여 겨우 세 개의 사례밖에 알려지지 않았으며 전부 중요문화재로 지정되어 있다.\r\n　이 유물의 출토지는 후쿠시마현(福島縣) 아이즈와카마쓰시(會津若松市) 오정(大町)으로 전해진다. 출토 시기는 알 수 없으나 니헤이 기요시(二甁 淸, 1883-1965)의 저서 『아이즈문화사 제1편 아이즈의 석기시대』(1937)에 사진이 게재된 것으로 보아 이 책의 간행 연도보다 이른 시기에 출토된 것을 알 수 있다. \r\n<span style=\"display: block; text-align: right;\">〈집필: 시가 사토시(2024) / 번역: 이수진 / 교정: 안희원〉</span>","@language":"ko"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001001/1/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":200,"width":150},"viewingHint":"individuals","viewingDirection":"","license":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/about","attribution":[{"@value":"独立行政法人国立文化財機構","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Institutes for Cultural Heritage","@language":"en"},{"@value":"国立文化财机构","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"국립문화재기구","@language":"ko"}],"logo":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/assets/img/logo.png"}],"rendering":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/detail?langId=ja&webView=&content_base_id=101411&content_part_id=0&content_pict_id=0","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 大珠","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Pendant","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 大珠（坠饰）","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 비취제 대주(드리개)","@language":"ko"}],"format":"text/html"},"sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001001.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"1","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001001.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001001.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001001.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001001/1/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}},{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001002.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"2","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001002.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001002.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001002.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001002/2/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}},{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001003.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"3","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001003.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001003.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001003.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001003/3/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}},{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001004.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"4","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001004.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001004.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001004.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001004/4/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}},{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001005.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"5","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001005.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001005.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001005.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001005/5/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}},{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001006.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"6","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001006.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001006.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001006.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001006/6/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}},{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001007.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"7","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001007.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001007.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001007.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001007/7/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}},{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001008.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"8","height":14204,"width":10652,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001008.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001008.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":14204,"width":10652},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/101411001008.tif#xywh=0,0,10652,14204"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101411001008/8/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}}]}]}