{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiifapi/101075001/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 浄名玄論　巻第四","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Jomyogenron (Jingming xuan lun; Commentary on the Vimalakirti Nirdesa Sutra)","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 净名玄论","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 정명현론(浄名玄論)","@language":"ko"}],"metadata":[{"label":[{"@value":"指定区分","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Designation","@language":"en"},{"@value":"指定等级","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"문화재 지정 구분","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"国宝","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Treasure","@language":"en"},{"@value":"国宝","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"국보","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"分野","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Category","@language":"en"},{"@value":"类别","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"분야","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"書跡","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Calligraphy","@language":"en"},{"@value":"书法","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"서예","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"名称よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"じょうみょうげんろん かんだい4","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"員数","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"数量","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"수량","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"1巻","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"八卷","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"여덟 권","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"尺寸","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"크기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"每卷约纵27.8至28.0厘米  横296.0至1092.0厘米不等","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"권 제4 세로28.0cm 길이580.5cm","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"時代・世紀","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"飛鳥時代・慶雲3年（706）","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"所蔵者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Owner","@language":"en"},{"@value":"收藏家","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"소장자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"京都国立博物館","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kyoto National Museum","@language":"en"},{"@value":"京都国立博物馆","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"교토국립박물관","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"各館作品番号","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Collection reference no.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"机构管理序号","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"기관관리번호","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"B甲671","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"B甲671","@language":"en"},{"@value":"B甲671","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"B甲671","@language":"ko"}]}],"description":[{"@value":"　『浄名玄論』全8巻は、中国の三論宗の教学を大成した嘉祥大師吉蔵（549～623）が著した『維摩詰所説経』（姚秦時代の鳩摩羅什訳）の綱要書である。浄名とは、音写語である維摩詰（梵 Vimalakîrti）の漢訳であり、維摩詰という在家居士が活躍することで知られる『維摩詰所説経』は、中国や日本でもしばしば注釈が著され、在家仏教徒の間で支持された経典である。\n　この写本は全体8巻のうち、巻第四の巻末には「慶雲参年十二月伍日記」、巻第六の巻末には「慶雲三年十二月八日記」という書写奥書があり、わが国の元号を用いて書写年代をあきらかにしたわが国最古の仏典であり、書跡でもある。慶雲3年は、飛鳥時代、西暦でいうと706年になる。ただし、全体8巻のうち、巻第一は平安時代、巻第二と巻第五は鎌倉時代の補写本であり、巻第七と巻第八を除いた他の3巻も巻首が補写されている。\n  慶雲3年の書写の際に使用された料紙には舶載と推定される上質な薄手の白麻紙が用いられ、本文は中国の六朝時代の趣をたたえた筆致で書写されている。1行の字数は、20字から40字前後であるが、このような経疏章（主に中国において著された注釈書や撰述書の類）は、1行17字詰という写経の定形や書体にこだわらずに自由な筆致で書写されることが多い。\n　これら当初の料紙の紙継ぎ部分の上下には、界線を引く際の目安となるように針穴や小刀状の物で傷をつけた痕跡が見られ、そこに書写された本文には、平安時代初期と推定される白点が施されており、訓点本資料としても国語学上重要な資料となっている。\n　これはもと東大寺に伝来したが、その後、神田喜一郎氏の手を経て国有に帰した。","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"This eight-volume commentary, Jômyô genron in Japanese, presents the essential points of the Vimalakirti Nirdesa Sutra (J. Yuimakyô). The original text was written by Jicang of Jiaxiang Temple (J. Kajô Daishi Kichizô, 549-623), the priest who established the Sanlun (J. Sanron) School of Buddhism during the Sui dynasty (581-619) in China. Jômyô is a translation of the Sanskrit name Vimalakirti (spotless fame), which can be transliterated into Japanese as Yuimakitsu or simply Yuima. The Vimalakirti Sutra, which relates the story of the enlightened layman Vimalakirti, is a favorite text among lay Buddhists and has stimulated learned commentary in both China and Japan.\nThe fourth volume of this set has a colophon that reads: Recorded on the fifth day of the twelfth month of 706 (Keiun 3). The end of the sixth volume is dated the eighth day of the twelfth month of the same year. These scrolls are the oldest extant text-Buddhist or secular-using the Japanese dating system; the year 706 falls within the Asuka period (600-710) of Japanese history. However, volume 1 was supplemented in the Heian period (794-1185), and additions were made to volumes 2 and 5 in the Kamakura period (1185-1333). The prefaces of three of the volumes (all but numbers 7 and 8) were also copied later. \nThe paper used for this manuscript is a high-quality, thin, white hemp paper believed to have been imported from China. The calligraphy is in the manner of the Six Dynasties period (3rd to 6th centuries), with each line containing from about twenty to forty characters. Most examples of this kind of sutra commentary (primarily works like annotations and commentaries composed in China) were written without concern for maintaining the standard of seventeen characters per line found in sutra copies. At the top and bottom of the sections where the individual sheets of paper are joined together, pinholes and small cuts marking the guidelines can be found. White marks indicating the proper reading of the Chinese characters in Japanese also appear. These notations, probably added in the early Heian period, are a valuable early resource for the study of the Japanese language. \nThe manuscript was originally in the possession of Tôdai-ji Temple. Later, it passed into the hands of the scholar Kanda Kiichirô (1897-1984), after which it was donated to the Japanese government. ","@language":"en"},{"@value":"《净名玄论》八卷，是集中国三论宗教法大成的嘉祥大师吉藏（549－623），为鸠罗摩什译《维摩诘所说经》所作的要旨书。所谓净名，即音译词“维摩诘”（梵文作Vimalakirti）的汉语意译。以记载维摩诘居士事迹而为人熟知的《维摩诘所说经》，无论是在中国或日本都经常被重加批注，深受在家居士们的喜爱。","@language":"zh"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/101075001000/1/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":109,"width":200},"viewingHint":"continuous","viewingDirection":"right-to-left","license":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/about","attribution":[{"@value":"独立行政法人国立文化財機構","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Institutes for Cultural Heritage","@language":"en"},{"@value":"国立文化财机构","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"국립문화재기구","@language":"ko"}],"logo":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/assets/img/logo.png"}],"rendering":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/detail?langId=ja&webView=&content_base_id=101075&content_part_id=1&content_pict_id=0","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 浄名玄論　巻第四","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Jomyogenron (Jingming xuan lun; Commentary on the Vimalakirti Nirdesa 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