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The decoration in human shape represented on the surface of earthenware like this one is called \"hitogata (human shape)\" decoration or \"jintaimon (human pattern).\" The hitogata decoration is often found among the earthenware of the middle phase of the Middle Jomon period in the Kanto and Chubu regions and those of the late phase of the Late Jomon period in the area from Hokkaido to the Kanto region. In the latter case, the hitogata decoration is often applied to spout bottle or jar-type earthenware.\n　The neck of this specimen branches off from the rim into two directions. A spout mouth and a small foot (kodai) are attached to the hollow doughnut-shaped body. Due to these unique neck and body shapes, this vessel is called ikeichukodoki (literally irregular-shaped spout mouth earthenware). Moreover, faces are represented at the points where the neck branches off and the entire bodies of the human faces are represented from the necks to the body of the vessel. The decoration is massive: it comprises a sansamon and pasted lumps in addition to an irikumimon applied via the surikeshijomon technique. \n　This is an earthenware vessel for rituals that Jomon people produced with special commitment as demonstrated not only by the unique shape, but also by the addition of hitogata (human shape) decoration that represents faces and entire bodies.\n","@language":"en"},{"@value":"绳文时代的土器一般装饰有抽象性图案，而鲜有表现出人物脸部和全身的作品例。诸如本作品在土器表面绘有“人形”（hitogata）的装饰被称为人形（hitogata）装饰或人体纹（jintaimon）。绳文时代中期中叶的人形装饰见于关东地区和中部地区，后期后半叶的人形装饰见于北海道至关东地区，后者多绘制在注口土器和壶形土器上。\n本作品从口缘部到颈部分为两路，中空圆环的器身上装有注口和小高台。因颈部和器身形态独特，故称其为异形注口土器。而且土器颈部分成两路的部分表现出人物脸部，从颈部到器身表现出人物的全身。装饰采用磨消绳文手法（surikesijyoumonsyuhou）绘制出复杂图案，添加三叉纹并贴有瘤状物，充满量感。\n本作品不仅是形状独特的注口土器，还带有表现出人物脸部和全身的人形装饰，是饱含绳文人特有构思的礼仪用土器。\n","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"조몬 시대 토기는 대개 추상적인 무늬로 장식하지만, 드물게는 얼굴이나 전신을 표현한 경우도 있다. 이 토기처럼 토기 표면에 그려진 ‘사람 형태’의 장식을 인형 장식 내지 인체문(人體文)이라고 부른다. 인형 장식은 조몬 시대 중기 중엽의 간토 지방이나 주부 지방, 후기 말엽의 홋카이도~간토 지방에서 출토되는데, 후자는 주구(注口) 토기나 단지형 토기에 그려지는 예가 많다.\n이 토기는 입구 부분에서 목 부분이 두 갈래로 나뉘어져 있고, 속이 비고 둥근 형태의 몸통 부분에 귀때와 작은 굽이 붙어 있다. 이 목 부분과 몸통 부분의 독특한 형태 때문에 이형 주구 토기라 불린다. 그에 더하여 목 부분이 두 갈래로 나뉘어지는 곳에 얼굴이, 그리고 목 부분에서 몸통 부분에 걸쳐 전신이 표현되어 있다. 마소(磨消) 조몬 기법*에 이리쿠미문(入組文)*을 넣어 장식하고 삼차문(三叉文)이나 혹을 붙여 놓아 볼륨감이 넘친다.\n이 토기는 독특한 형태를 한 주구 토기임과 동시에 얼굴이나 전신을 표현하는 인형 장식이 들어간 점에서 조몬 사람들의 비상한 정신 문화가 담긴 의례용 토기라고 할 수 있다.\n\n* 마소 조몬 기법: 조몬(새끼줄 무늬)과 민무늬 부분을 나누어 넣음으로 장식 효과를 높이는 기법으로 조몬 시대에 발달\n* 이리쿠미문: 비스듬한 S자 형태의 무늬를 연속적으로 넣은 것\n","@language":"ko"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/100607001001/1/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":200,"width":150},"viewingHint":"individuals","viewingDirection":"","license":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/about","attribution":[{"@value":"独立行政法人国立文化財機構","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Institutes for Cultural 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