{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiifapi/100056001/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 胎蔵界曼荼羅","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Womb World Mandala (Skt. Garbhadhātu)","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 胎蔵界曼荼罗","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 태장계만다라","@language":"ko"}],"metadata":[{"label":[{"@value":"指定区分","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Designation","@language":"en"},{"@value":"指定等级","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"문화재 지정 구분","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"重要文化財","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Important Cultural Property","@language":"en"},{"@value":"重要文化财","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"중요문화재","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"分野","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Category","@language":"en"},{"@value":"类别","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"분야","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"絵画","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Painting","@language":"en"},{"@value":"绘画","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"회화","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"名称よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"たいぞうかいまんだら","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"指定名称","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Official title","@language":"en"},{"@value":"指定名称","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"지정 명칭","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"絹本著色両界曼荼羅　厨子入","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"絹本著色両界曼荼羅　厨子入","@language":"en"},{"@value":"絹本著色両界曼荼羅　厨子入","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"絹本著色両界曼荼羅　厨子入","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"員数","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Quantity","@language":"en"},{"@value":"数量","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"수량","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"1面","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"1 painting","@language":"en"},{"@value":"1面","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"1점","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"品質形状","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Media","@language":"en"},{"@value":"材质形状","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"재질/형태","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"麻布著色　額装","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Ink and colors on bast-fiber textile　Framed","@language":"en"},{"@value":"麻布着色　额装","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"마포에 채색 액장","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"法量","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Dimensions","@language":"en"},{"@value":"尺寸","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"크기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"各縦18.3　横18.5","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"H 18.3, W 18.5","@language":"en"},{"@value":"各纵18.3　横18.5","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"각 세로 18.3　가로 18.5","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"時代・世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Period,Century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"年代・世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"시대・세기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"鎌倉時代・13世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kamakura period/13th century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"镰仓时代(13世纪)","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"카마쿠라 시대(13세기)","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"所蔵者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Owner","@language":"en"},{"@value":"收藏家","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"소장자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"奈良国立博物館","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Nara National Museum","@language":"en"},{"@value":"奈良国立博物馆","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"나라국립박물관","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"各館作品番号","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Collection reference no.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"机构管理序号","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"기관관리번호","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"830(絵171)","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"830(絵171)","@language":"en"},{"@value":"830(絵171)","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"830(絵171)","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"その他テキスト","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Other","@language":"en"},{"@value":"其他","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"그 외 텍스트","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"聖衆来迎寺（滋賀）伝来","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Provenance: Shoshu Raigo-ji, Shiga Prefecture","@language":"en"},{"@value":"圣众来迎寺（滋贺县）传来","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"쇼주라이고지 절(시가현) 전래","@language":"ko"}]}],"description":[{"@value":"　優美な形の小厨子の中に、板絵の両界曼荼羅を安置する。厨子の表裏とも同様な扉を取り付け、両面から画像を見ることができる。\r\n　図は檜板に布着せをし白土下地を施した上に彩絵して表現される。小画面の中にきわめて精緻な表現が見られるのが特筆される。図様は空海が請来した現図曼荼羅の系統にしたがう。ただし胎蔵曼荼羅では虚空蔵院が上下二段に区切られて、千手観音と金剛蔵王菩薩が上段に少し小さく描かれているのが現図との小異である。なお胎蔵界では界線や光背、主尊の衣文線を截金線でくくるほか、地文様にも複雑精緻な截金文様を一面に敷き、金剛界では、四院会の外周に截金で籠目文を施すなど、装飾表現にすぐれた特色がある。\r\n　諸尊の肉身は肌色、朱隈を施し細墨線で描き起こす。着衣は朱、丹、緑青で塗り、衣文線は墨線で引く。蓮華座の蓮弁は朱丹で塗りわけ白線でくくる。諸尊の童顔風な面貌描写、明るくて質の良さをうかがわせる顔料、細緻な截金文様や彩色の美しさは平安後期の雰囲気を伝える。制作は鎌倉初期を降らない。黒漆塗の厨子も同時期のもので、同様に平安後期の遺風を伝えている。聖衆来迎寺旧蔵。","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Panel paintings of the Mandalas of the Two Worlds are installed in this small, elegantly shaped shrine (<i>zushi</i>). Double doors on the front and back open up to reveal a mandala on either side.\r\n\r\nThe paintings were made by affixing fabric to cypress boards, coating the fabric in a priming layer of white, and then applying colored pigments. Despite their small sizes, the mandalas are rendered in remarkable detail. They follow iconographies that were originally brought to Japan from China  by Kūkai  (774–835), the founder of the esoteric Shingon school in Japan. However, the Womb World Mandala exhibits minor deviations from these original iconographies in that the Hall of Ākāśagarbha (J. Kokūzō-in) is divided into upper and lower parts and the renderings of the Thousand-Armed Bodhisattva Kannon (J. Senju Kannon; Skt. Sahasrabhuja-avalokiteśvara) and the bodhisattva Kongō Zaō (Skt. Aṣṭottaraśatabhujavajradhara ) in the upper section are slightly smaller. Stylistically, the mandalas are exceptionally decorative. In the Womb World Mandala, lines in cut gold leaf were applied to the borders, halos, and robes of the principal deities and were also used to form an ornate background pattern. Cut gold leaf is used in the Diamond World Mandala as well to create the mesh-like pattern on the outer border of the Four-Mudras Assembly (J. Shiin’e).\r\n\r\nThe deities have peach skin  with red shading outlined in fine strokes of ink. The clothes are painted in red, orange-red, and green and outlined in ink. The petals on the lotus pedestals are divided in red and orange-red sections and outlined in white. The paintings exhibit styles associated with the late Heian period (794–1185), like the deities’ child-like countenances, the vibrant, high-quality pigments, the delicate cut gold leaf patterning, and the striking coloring. The mandalas were likely produced no later than  the early Kamakura period (1185–1333). The black lacquered shrine dates to the same period, as it also reflects the tastes of the late Heian period. The work was formerly owned by Shōjuraikōji Temple in Shiga Prefecture.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"　　造型优美的小佛龛中，放置有板绘两界曼荼罗。佛龛内外装有相同的门，可从两面观赏画像。 \r\n　　图为扁柏板上包布，施白土为底色，上有彩绘。小画面中及其精致的表现手法值得一提。图样依照空海求来的实图曼荼罗系统图绘制而成。但在胎藏曼荼罗中，虚空藏院被分成上下二层，千手观音和金刚藏王菩萨被绘在上层且稍小，这与实图略有不同。另外在胎藏界中，以金箔细线勾勒出边界线、佛光和主尊的衣纹线，且整面底色花纹上点缀有复杂精致的金箔花纹，在金刚界中，四院会的外围用截金工艺作成孔式花纹，装饰表现极具特色。\r\n　　诸尊的肉身为肤色，施朱色块并用细墨线勾勒。衣着涂红、丹和铜绿，衣纹线用墨线勾勒。莲华座的莲瓣涂朱丹色并用白线勾勒边界。诸尊的童颜面貌描绘、亮泽上乘的颜料、细致的细金箔花纹和色彩之美，无不体现出平安(794-1185)后期的艺术氛围。此作品的制作时间不晚于镰仓(1185-1333)初期。涂黑漆的佛龛也为同期作品，同样传递出平安后期的遗风。圣众来迎寺旧藏。","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"　아름다운 형태의 작은 주자(廚子)에 나무판에 그린 양계만다라(兩界曼茶羅)를 안치하였다. 주자의 앞면과 뒷면에 문을 달아 양방향에서 그림을 감상할 수 있다. \r\n　도상은 정사각형 노송나무판에 천을 입히고 백토(白土)로 밑바탕을 칠한 후에 채색하였다. 작은 화면 안에 매우 정교한 표현이 보이는 것이 특징이다. 도안은 쿠카이(空海, 774~835)가 중국에서 일본으로 들여온 현도만다라(現圖曼茶羅) 계통에 따른다. 그러나 태장계만다라(胎藏界曼茶羅)에서는 허공장원(虛空藏院)이 상단과 하단으로 나뉘어져 천수관음과 금강장왕보살(金剛藏王菩薩)이 상단에 작게 그려진 것이 현도만다라와는 다른 점이다. 또한 태장계만다라에서는 경계선과 광배(光背), 주요 본존의 옷 주름선을 금박을 가늘게 잘라 붙이는 키리카네(截金) 기법을 사용하였고, 바탕 문양에도 복잡하고 섬세한 키리카네 문양을 한 면에 깔았다. 금강계만다라(金剛界曼陀羅)에서는 사원회(四院會) 바깥 둘레에 키리카네 기법으로 격자형 문양을 입히는 등 장식 표현이 뛰어난 점이 특징이다. \r\n　각 존상의 신체는 피부색과 붉은 색을 입혔고, 얼굴 등을 가는 묵으로 그렸다. 의복은 붉은색과 녹청색으로 칠하고 옷 주름은 묵선으로 처리했다. 연화좌(蓮華坐)의 연꽃은 붉게 칠해 흰색 윤곽으로 마무리하였다. 각 존상의 어린듯한 용모 표현, 밝고 질이 좋은 안료, 섬세한 키리카네 문양과 다채로운 색상의 아름다움은 헤이안 시대(794~1185) 후기의 분위기를 전한다. 제작 시기는 카마쿠라 시대(1185~1333)를 소급하지 않는다. 흑옻칠을 한 주자도 동시기에 제작된 것으로 역시 헤이안 시대 후기의 유풍을 전한다. 시가현 쇼주라이코지(聖衆來迎寺)에서 소장했었다. 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