{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiifapi/100021000/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 太刀 銘来国光","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Tachi sword signed “Rai Kunimitsu”","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - “来国光”铭刀","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 라이(來)파의 구니미쓰(國光)가 제작한 큰 칼(다치)","@language":"ko"}],"metadata":[{"label":[{"@value":"指定区分","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Designation","@language":"en"},{"@value":"指定等级","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"문화재 지정 구분","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"国宝","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Treasure","@language":"en"},{"@value":"国宝","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"국보","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"分野","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Category","@language":"en"},{"@value":"类别","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"분야","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"刀剣","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Swords","@language":"en"},{"@value":"刀剑","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"도검","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"名称よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"たち めいらいくにみつ","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"指定名称","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"太刀〈銘来国光/〉","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"作者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Creator","@language":"en"},{"@value":"作者","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"작자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"来国光","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"By Rai Kunimitsu","@language":"en"},{"@value":"来国光 作","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"라이 구니미쓰 제작","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"作者よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"らいくにみつ","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"員数","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Quantity","@language":"en"},{"@value":"数量","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"수량","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"1口","@language":"ja"},{"@value":" ","@language":"en"},{"@value":"1口","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"1자루","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"品質形状","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Media","@language":"en"},{"@value":"材质形状","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"재질/형태","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"鎬(しのぎ)造","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Ridged","@language":"en"},{"@value":"锻造","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"시노기즈쿠리(鎬造) ","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"法量","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Dimensions","@language":"en"},{"@value":"尺寸","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"크기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"長80.7","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Length 80.7 cm","@language":"en"},{"@value":"长80.7","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"길이 80.7","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"時代・世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Period,Century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"年代・世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"시대・세기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"鎌倉時代 14世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kamakura period, 14th century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"镰仓时代 14世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"가마쿠라시대, 14세기","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"所蔵者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Owner","@language":"en"},{"@value":"收藏家","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"소장자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"九州国立博物館","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kyushu National Museum","@language":"en"},{"@value":"九州国立博物馆","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"규슈국립박물관","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"各館作品番号","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Collection reference no.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"机构管理序号","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"기관관리번호","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"F1","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"F1","@language":"en"},{"@value":"F1","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"F1","@language":"ko"}]}],"description":[{"@value":" 山城国(京都)は、古来より刀剣の一大産地であり、幾多の名工を輩出し続けたことで知られる。このうち来派は、鎌倉時代中期から南北朝時代にかけて活躍した山城鍛冶を代表する刀工集団である。なかでも来国光は、名工揃いの同派にあって傑作が際立って多く、この太刀も精美な肌合いを示し、幅広い直刃調の刃文が非常に端正である。身幅が広く、茎を大きく磨り上げながらも長寸を保ち、中ほどでぐっと張る体配は堂々として覇気にあふれ、その姿は見る者を魅了してやまない。室町時代に書写された『銘尽(観智院本)』に「先祖の鍛冶高麗より来たるあいだ来国と号す」とある。もとより日本刀は、我が国独自の武と美の象徴として知られるが、名だたる名刀を生み出した来派の場合、その真偽はともかく先祖が外国から来たと称しているのが興味深い。\r\n 寛永16年(1639)姫路城主となった松平忠明が大坂の陣で用いた刀として同家に伝わり、その後三菱岩崎家、山縣有朋(やまがたありとも)、明治天皇の有を経て東京国立博物館に入り、開館を契機に九州国立博物館保管となった。\r\n","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"The province of Yamashiro (present-day Kyoto) has been a major production center of swords since ancient times, with many historically prominent swordsmiths hailing from there. Emerging as the pinnacle of Yamashiro sword-smithing is the Rai school, which was active from the mid-Kamakura to the Nanboku-chō period (13th–14th century). This school produced many skilled smiths, the most prolific of whom was Rai Kunimitsu, who had created this tachi. According to the Kanchi’in Temple version of the Meizukushi (All About Swords), which was transcribed in the Muromachi period (14th–16th century), the Rai school’s lineage of swordsmiths originally came from the Korean kingdom of Goryeo. Given how swords are taken to symbolize Japan’s unique military and aesthetic culture, it is interesting how there are sources claiming that the most prolific Rai school of sword-making had descended from foreign immigrants, even if we have no way of ascertaining the truth in that statement.\r\n\r\nThe sword itself features a beautifully fine grain and a wide, straight sword blade pattern (suguha). The blade itself is wide, and its tang remains long even after having been shortened before. The way the blade curves dramatically from around its center to its tip gives it a dynamic, mesmerizing regality.\r\n\r\nThis sword was passed down in the Matsudaira family, after allegedly having been used by Matsudaira Tadaaki (1583–1644) in the Siege of Osaka (1614–15). It later passed through the hands of the Iwasaki family in Mitsubishi, former prime minister Yamagata Aritomo, Emperor Meiji, then Tokyo National Museum. Eventually, ownership was transferred to Kyushu National Museum after its opening in 2005.","@language":"en"},{"@value":" 自古以来,山城国(今京都)是日本刀的产地之一,制刀名匠辈出,声名远扬。其中,活跃于镰仓时代中期至南北朝时代的 “来派”,是代表山城国的著名刀匠门派。一位名为“来国光”的刀匠,在该派的众多能工巧匠中脱颖而出,所锻造的杰作在数量上远超他人。此太刀肌理精美,宽幅直刃风格的刃纹极为正统。刀身宽阔,茎部虽被切短,但不失长度。刀身中间部分强韧有力,器宇轩昂,霸气十足,令观者着迷。《铭尽(观智院本)》的室町时代抄本中记载称:“先祖铁匠来自高丽,故称来国”。日本刀本是日本独有的武与美的象征,然而锻造名刀的名门“来派”的先祖竟是外国人,事实真伪姑且不论,着实引人深思。\r\n 据说宽永十六年(1639年)接掌姬路城的松平忠明曾在大阪之阵中使用过此刀,后来此刀在该家族代代相传。其后又被三菱岩崎家、山县有朋及明治天皇收藏,继而进入东京国立博物馆,后于九州国立博物馆开馆之际转由九博保管。\r\n","@language":"zh"},{"@value":" 야마시로국(교토)은 예로부터 도검의 최대 산지로, 많은 명공을 배출해낸 것으로 유명하다. 여러 유파 중에서 라이(來)파는 가마쿠라시대 중기부터 남북조시대에 걸쳐 활약한 야마시로 단야를 대표하는 도공 집단이다. 그 집단 속에서 도공 라이 구니미쓰(來 國光)는 명공이 즐비한 라이파 중에서도 특히 걸작을 많이 제작하였으며, 이 다치(큰칼) 또한 칼의 표면이 정교하고 아름다우며, 폭이 넓으며 직선적인 칼날무늬가 대단히 단정하다. 칼몸의 폭이 넓고, 슴베를 크게 갈아냈음에도 불구하고 전체 길이를 유지하고 있다. 또 가운데서 크게 휜 검의 자태는 당당하면서도 패기가 넘쳐, 보는 이의 마음을 사로잡는다. 무로마치시대에 필사된 도검서 『누이즈쿠시』(간치인 본)에 \"선조 대장장이가 고려에서 건너왔기 때문에, 라이쿠니(來國)라 칭한다\"라는 기록이 있다. 물론 일본도는 일본의 독자적인 무도와 아름다움의 상징으로 알려져 있으나, 쟁쟁한 명도를 배출한 라이파의 경우, 그 진위 여부는 확실하지 않으나, 선조가 외국에서 왔다고 하는 점은 매우 흥미롭다. \r\n 1639년 히메지성 주인이 된 마쓰다이라 타다아키라가 전투 '오사카의 진'에서 사용한 이 도검은 마쓰다이라 가문에 전해 내려와, 그 후 미쓰비시를 창업한 이와사키 가문, 야마가타 아리토모, 메이지 천황이 소장한 뒤, 도쿄국립박물관에 소장되었다. 그리고 규슈국립박물관이 개관함에 있어, 소장하게 되었다.","@language":"ko"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/100021001007/7/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":200,"width":661},"viewingHint":"individuals","viewingDirection":"","license":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/about","attribution":[{"@value":"独立行政法人国立文化財機構","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Institutes for Cultural Heritage","@language":"en"},{"@value":"国立文化财机构","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"국립문화재기구","@language":"ko"}],"logo":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/assets/img/logo.png"}],"rendering":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/detail?langId=ja&webView=&content_base_id=100021&content_part_id=0&content_pict_id=0","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 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