{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiifapi/100011000/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 孤峯覺明墨蹟　与保樹大姉法語","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Calligraphy by Kohō Kakumyō: Zen teachings for Hoju Daishi","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 孤峰觉明墨迹 与保树女居士法话","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 고호 가쿠묘 묵적 호주다이시에게 준 법어","@language":"ko"}],"metadata":[{"label":[{"@value":"指定区分","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Designation","@language":"en"},{"@value":"指定等级","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"문화재 지정 구분","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"重要文化財","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Important Cultural Property","@language":"en"},{"@value":"重要文化财","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"중요문화재","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"分野","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Category","@language":"en"},{"@value":"类别","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"분야","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"書跡","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Calligraphy","@language":"en"},{"@value":"书法","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"서예","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"名称よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"こほうかくみょうぼくせき　ほじゅだいしにあたうるほうご","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"指定名称","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"孤峰覚明墨蹟〈与保樹大姉法語／〉","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"作者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Creator","@language":"en"},{"@value":"作者","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"작자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"孤峯覺明筆","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"By Kohō Kakumyō","@language":"en"},{"@value":"孤峰觉明 笔","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"고호 가쿠묘 씀","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"作者よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"こほうかくみょう","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"員数","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Quantity","@language":"en"},{"@value":"数量","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"수량","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"1幅","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Hanging scroll","@language":"en"},{"@value":"1幅","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"1폭","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"品質形状","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Media","@language":"en"},{"@value":"材质形状","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"재질/형태","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"紙本墨書","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Ink on paper","@language":"en"},{"@value":"纸本墨笔","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"종이에 먹","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"法量","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Dimensions","@language":"en"},{"@value":"尺寸","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"크기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"縦31.2　横87.3","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"31.2×87.3 cm","@language":"en"},{"@value":"纵31.2 横87.3","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"세로 31.2  가로 87.3","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"時代・世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Period,Century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"年代・世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"시대・세기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"鎌倉時代　14世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kamakura period, 14th century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"镰仓时代 14世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"가마쿠라시대, 14세기","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"所蔵者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Owner","@language":"en"},{"@value":"收藏家","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"소장자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"九州国立博物館","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kyushu National Museum","@language":"en"},{"@value":"九州国立博物馆","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"규슈국립박물관","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"各館作品番号","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Collection reference no.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"机构管理序号","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"기관관리번호","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"B26","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"B26","@language":"en"},{"@value":"B26","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"B26","@language":"ko"}]}],"description":[{"@value":"　孤峯覚明（1271～1361）は鎌倉後期から南北朝時代に活躍した臨済僧（りんざいそう）。はじめ天台僧として天台教学を学んで比叡山に受戒したが、さらに無本覚心（むほんかくしん）（1207～1298）を師として禅宗に転じた。印可の後、さらに高峯顕日（こうほうけんにち）（1241～1316）や南浦紹明（なんぽじょうみん）（1235～1308）に参じ、禅の奥深さを究めようと、21歳の応長元年（1311）中国・元に渡った。元では、中峰明本（ちゅうほうみょうほん）に参じ、また古林清茂（くりんせいむ）、断崖了義（だんがいりょうぎ）、雲外雲岫、無見先覩らに遍参した。帰国後、出雲の雲樹寺の開山となり、その後、伯耆の船上山にあった後醍醐天皇に禅要を説いたことで、後年、国済国師の号を賜った。なお、後村上天皇からも三光国師の号を賜わっており、南北朝動乱期に91歳の生涯を全うした。\r\n　なお、孤峯の師、無本覚心は、真言僧から禅宗に転じ、入宋して無門慧開（むもんえかい）（1183～1260）に嗣法（しほう）した人物。無門慧開が編集した公案集『無門関』をわが国に紹介したことでも知られる。\r\n　さて、孤峯覚明の遺墨は少なく、法嗣の古剱智訥に与えた法語が雲樹寺に伝わるほか、この一幅が著名である。修行を督励する内容の法語で、与えた先の保樹大姉については未詳。この作品の落款に「入宋比丘孤峯覚明書」とあるが、雲樹寺所蔵墨蹟の落款（らっかん）にも「度（渡）宋比丘孤峯覚明書」とあり、若い時代に中国で禅を体得したことが生涯の励みになったものと思われる。年未詳ながら、24行にわたる大幅の墨蹟で、書風から晩年の筆と推定されている。\r\n","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kohō Kakumyō (1271–1361) was a priest of the Rinzai Zen Buddhist sect active in the late Kamakura to Nanboku-chō period. Originally ordained on Mt. Hiei as a monk of the Tendai sect, he later became a disciple of Zen priest Muhon Kakushin (1207–98) and converted to Zen Buddhism. After receiving his certificate of dharma transmission, which recognizes his mastery of Zen principles and names him a successor of his master’s teachings, twenty-one-year-old Kohō joined other Zen priests including Kōhō Kennichi (1241–1316) and Nanpo Jōmin (1235–1308) on a visit to Yuan China in 1311 to further his studies in Zen (Ch. Chan). There, he studied under Zhongfeng Mingben, and also traveled across the country to learn from Gulin Qingmao, Duanya Liaoyi, Yunwai Yunxiu, and Wujian Xiandu, among other great Chan masters. After returning to Japan, he founded the Unjuji Temple in Izumo Province (present-day Shimane), and later also imparted the teachings of Zen to Emperor Godaigo on Mt. Senjō in Hōki Province (present-day Tottori), a task that earned him the honorary title of Kokusai Kokushi. He would then go on to receive another honorary title, Sankō Kokushi, from Emperor Gomurakami, before passing away at the ripe old age of ninety-one, amid the politically turbulent times of the Nanboku-chō period.\r\n\r\nIt bears mentioning that Kohō’s aforementioned Zen master, Muhon Kakushin, had himself been a convert from the Shingon sect, and had, after joining the Zen sect, gone to China during the Song dynasty where he learned from and became the successor of Wumen Huikai (1183–1260). Muhon is most well-known in Japan for having brought back the <i>Wumen guan</i>, a log of Zen teachings edited by his master.\r\n\r\nThis work counts itself as one of the few extant works of calligraphy by Kohō, and is one of the two most famous examples; the other is a similar inscription of Zen teachings which he gave to his disciple, Koken Chitotsu, that has since been passed down in Unjuji. Kohō wrote this work to encourage the recipient, Hoju Daishi, to keep pursuing his training in Zen. Unfortunately, we have no other information about the identity of Hoju Daishi. Both this work as well as the one in Unjuji were signed, “By Monk Kohō Kakumyō, who had studied in Song China,” suggesting that the mastery over Zen that Kohō had attained as a youth in China had made a lasting impression on him, guiding him for the rest of his life. Although it is unclear when exactly he had penned this particular work, the bold brushstrokes spanning these twenty-four lines of writing suggest that he had done so in his later years.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"　　孤峰觉明（1271年-1361年）是日本临济宗僧侣，活跃于镰仓时代后期至南北朝时代。他起初学习天台教义，受戒于比叡山，其后师从无本觉心（1207年-1298年），转投禅宗，得到印可（印证并认可）后，又师从高峰显日（1241年-1316年）与南浦绍明（1235年-1308年）修习。为参透禅理的奥妙，觉明在应长元年（1311年）21岁时，奔赴中国。当时正值元朝，他历访中峰明本、古林清茂、断崖了义、云外云岫及无见先覩等人修习禅宗。归国后，觉明在出云开创云树寺，成为开山鼻祖。他在后醍醐天皇来到伯耆国船上山时为其讲解禅学要义，并在其后被赐号“国济国师”。另外，后村上天皇也为他赐号“三光国师”。觉明圆寂于南北朝动乱时期，享年91岁。\r\n　　孤峰觉明之师无本觉心，原为真言宗僧侣，后来转投禅宗修习，在宋朝时前往中国承继无门慧开（1183年-1260年）的法系，曾将无门慧开所编著的公案集《无门关》带到日本。\r\n　　孤峰觉明遗墨不多，除了赠予其法嗣古剑智讷的法语目前藏于云树寺外，数此作品最为出名。作品中的法语意在督促和激励修行。受赠者为保树大姐，其人不详。作品落款处可见“入宋比丘孤峰觉明书”字样，而云树寺所藏墨迹的落款也是“度（渡）宋比丘孤峰觉明书”，可见年轻时远赴中国修习禅理的经历是激励他一生的重大事件。此墨迹书写年份不详，是一幅长达24行的大作。根据书法风格推测，应是觉明晚年时的作品。","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"　고호 가쿠묘(1271-1361)는 가마쿠라시대 후기부터 남북조시대에 걸쳐 활약한 임제종의 고승이다. 처음에는 천태종 승려로서 천태교학을 배우며 히에이산에서 수계하였으나, 이윽고 무혼 가쿠신(1207-1298)을 스승으로 삼고 선종으로 전향하였다. 인가를 받은 후, 고호 겐니치(1241-1316)와 난포 조민(1235-1308) 밑에게 참선하고, 선종의 깊은 의미를 찾기 위해 1311년 21살의 나이에 중국 원나라로 건너 갔다. 원나라에서는 중봉 명본, 고림 청무, 단애 요의, 운외 운수, 무견 선도 등의 가르침을 받았다. 귀국 후에는 시마네현 이즈모의 운주지 절을 세우고, 그 후 호키국(현재 돗코리현 중서부)의 센조산에 머물던 고다이고천황에게 선법의 중요한 뜻인 선요를 설법하여, ‘국제국사’라는 호를 하사  받았다. 또 고무라카미천황으로부터는 ‘삼광국사’라는 호를 하사 받았으며, 남북조 혼란기에 91세의 생을 마감하였다.\r\n　그리고 고호 가쿠묘의 스승 무혼 가쿠신은 진언종에서 선종으로 전향한 뒤 송나라로 건너가 무문혜개(1183-1260)의 법맥을 계승한 인물이다. 그리고 무문혜개가 편집한 공안집 《무문관》을 일본에 소개한 인물로도 유명하다.\r\n　한편, 고호 가쿠묘가 남긴 묵적은 그 수가 적으며, 그의 후계자 고켄 지토쓰에게 보낸 법어가 운주지 절에 전해지는 것을 제외하고는, 여기에서 소개하는 묵적이 유명하다.  수행을 격려하는 내용의 글로, 이 묵적을 받은 호주 다이시(保樹大姉)라는 인물에 대해서는 알 수 없다.  이 작품의 낙관에는 ‘송나라로 건너간 비구 고호 가쿠묘의 서’라고 쓰여 있는데, 운주지 절이 소장하는 묵서에도 같은 내용의 낙관이 찍혀 있어, 젊은 나이에 중국에서 선종을 체득한 것을 일생에 걸친 격려로 삼은 것을 짐작할 수 있다. 이 묵적의 제작 시기는 알 수 없으나, 24행에 달하는 큰 폭의 묵적으로, 서풍으로 보아 말년의 것으로 추정된다.","@language":"ko"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/100011001002/2/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":200,"width":552},"viewingHint":"individuals","viewingDirection":"","license":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/about","attribution":[{"@value":"独立行政法人国立文化財機構","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Institutes for Cultural Heritage","@language":"en"},{"@value":"国立文化财机构","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"국립문화재기구","@language":"ko"}],"logo":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/assets/img/logo.png"}],"rendering":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/detail?langId=ja&webView=&content_base_id=100011&content_part_id=0&content_pict_id=0","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 孤峯覺明墨蹟　与保樹大姉法語","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - Calligraphy by Kohō Kakumyō: Zen teachings for Hoju Daishi","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 孤峰觉明墨迹 与保树女居士法话","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 고호 가쿠묘 묵적 호주다이시에게 준 법어","@language":"ko"}],"format":"text/html"},"sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100011001002.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"1","height":2936,"width":8114,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100011001002.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100011001002.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":2936,"width":8114},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100011001002.tif#xywh=0,0,8114,2936"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/100011001002/2/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}}]}]}