{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiifapi/100002000/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 布袋図","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - <i>Portrait of Budai</i>","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 布袋图","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 포대","@language":"ko"}],"metadata":[{"label":[{"@value":"指定区分","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Designation","@language":"en"},{"@value":"指定等级","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"문화재 지정 구분","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"重要文化財","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Important Cultural Property","@language":"en"},{"@value":"重要文化财","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"중요문화재","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"分野","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Category","@language":"en"},{"@value":"类别","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"분야","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"絵画","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Painting","@language":"en"},{"@value":"绘画","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"회화","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"名称よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"ほていず","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"指定名称","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"紙本墨画布袋図","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"作者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Creator","@language":"en"},{"@value":"作者","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"작자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"伝牧谿筆　簡翁居敬賛","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Attributed to Muqi, inscription by Jianweng Jujing","@language":"en"},{"@value":"传牧谿 笔 简翁居敬 赞","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"목계 그림 및 간옹거경 찬으로 전해짐","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"作者よみ","@language":"ja"}],"value":[{"@value":"もっけい　かんおうきょけい","@language":"ja"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"員数","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Quantity","@language":"en"},{"@value":"数量","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"수량","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"1幅","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Hanging scroll","@language":"en"},{"@value":"1幅","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"1폭","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"品質形状","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Media","@language":"en"},{"@value":"材质形状","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"재질/형태","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"紙本墨画","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Ink on paper","@language":"en"},{"@value":"纸本墨笔","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"종이에 먹","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"法量","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Dimensions","@language":"en"},{"@value":"尺寸","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"크기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"縦97.0　横41.5","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"97.0×41.5 cm","@language":"en"},{"@value":"纵97.0 横41.5","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"세로 97.0, 가로 41.5","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"時代・世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Period,Century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"年代・世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"시대・세기","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"中国・南宋～元時代　13世紀","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Southern Song to Yuan dynasty (China), 13th century","@language":"en"},{"@value":"南宋-元代 13世纪","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"중국 남송시대-원시대, 13세기","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"所蔵者","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Owner","@language":"en"},{"@value":"收藏家","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"소장자","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"九州国立博物館","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Kyushu National Museum","@language":"en"},{"@value":"九州国立博物馆","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"규슈국립박물관","@language":"ko"}]},{"label":[{"@value":"各館作品番号","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Collection reference no.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"机构管理序号","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"기관관리번호","@language":"ko"}],"value":[{"@value":"A31","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"A31","@language":"en"},{"@value":"A31","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"A31","@language":"ko"}]}],"description":[{"@value":"　太鼓腹を出して笑う丸顔で豚鼻の人物は、弥勒の化身として信仰を集めた布袋である。その表現は筆遣いがポイントで、髭や髪などには水気の少ない淡墨が用いられ、衣紋線では少し濃い水気の多い墨が紙に滲んでいる。もっとも濃い墨は両眼の二ヶ所にしか使われておらず、本図の作者は墨の濃淡や滲みの法則を理解し、その特性を生かして巧みに布袋を描き出していることが分かる。\r\n　画家については、中国の画僧・牧谿の伝承がある。牧谿は十三世紀、南宋時代末から元時代初にかけて活躍した僧侶画家であり、日本では「和尚」と呼ばれて特別視され、極めて高く評価された。室町時代、足利将軍家が本図を牧谿の作品として所蔵したことが『御物御画目録』『室町殿行幸御餝記』などの文献から確認できる。それ以降、徳川将軍家など権力者のもとで珍重され、日本では五百年以上にもわたり由緒ある中国絵画として知られていた。また茶会で鑑賞された掛幅としても高名で「腹さすり布袋」の愛称がある。\r\n　上部には、中国の僧侶・簡翁居敬（十三世紀活躍）が布袋の逸話を記している。\r\n　賛文（左から起筆）：大開笑口以手捫／胸全無些伎倆／争可在天宮唖／罪過我閻浮着／你（イ＋弥－弓）儂　居敬賛","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"Occupying the lower half of the canvas is Budai, a tenth-century Chinese monk who is identified and worshipped as an incarnation of Maitreya, the buddha of the future. He is depicted here with a big-bellied, round-faced form and a pig-like nose, laughing heartily. The most notable feature of this work is its brushwork: the artist used relatively dry ink to render Budai’s hair and beard lightly, while using darker, watery ink that seeps and spreads out on the paper for the outlines of his clothes. The artist has chosen to finish Budai’s facial expression with two small dots in dark ink for his eyes, which stand out in stark comparison to the rest of the painting. This demonstrates his understanding of and proficiency in commanding inks of different shades and textures.\r\n\r\nCreatorship of this work has historically been attributed to Muqi (alternatively, Muxi) a Chinese monk and painter active in the thirteenth century, from the late Southern Song to the early Yuan dynasty. In Japan, Muqi was referred to as an <i>oshō</i>, an honorific title reserved for highly revered Buddhist priests. Multiple historical documents, including the <i>Catalog of the Shogunal Family’s Treasured Paintings</i> (<i>Gomotsu on’e mokuroku</i>) and the <i>Decorations as Seen on a Visit to the Muromachi Residence</i> (<i>Muromachi-dono gyokō okazari-ki</i>), mention how the Ashikaga shogunal family, who commanded Japan during the Muromachi period (14th–16th century), had cited this work as one of Muqi’s while it was in their ownership. Subsequently, the painting passed through the hands of various powerful parties in Japan, including the Tokugawa shogunal family, becoming known for its prestigious provenance over five centuries. It has also famously decorated tea ceremony venues, earning the nickname, <i>Belly-Rubbing Budai</i>, in the process.\r\n\r\nThe top portion of the painting bears an inscription by Chinese monk, Jianweng Jujing (active in the 13th century), containing an anecdote about Budai.","@language":"en"},{"@value":"　　画中这位猪鼻、圆脸、露着大肚皮、豪放大笑之人，便是被视为弥勒佛的化身而备受信众爱戴的布袋和尚。此画笔法精练，鬓须部分以干淡墨画成，衣褶部分使用了湿浓墨，而最重的浓墨仅用于两眼处，墨法运用十分讲究。由此可见，画家深谙墨色的浓淡之道和渲染的法则，巧用纸墨的特性将布袋和尚描绘得活灵活现。相传，此画作者是中国画僧牧溪。他是公元13世纪的僧侣画家，活跃于南宋末期至元代初期，在日本被敬称为“和尚”，享有极高的赞誉，地位举足轻重。据《御物御画目录》、《室町殿行幸御餝记》等文献记载，此画在室町时代被足利将军家族收藏，当时的人将其视为牧溪之作。其后，传至德川将军家族等掌权者手里，备受珍视。可见，此画在日本被认作中国的名家名画长达五百年之久。另外，此画也曾在茶会上供人鉴赏，成为一段佳话，故得爱称“挠肚布袋”。作品上部写有活跃于13世纪的中国僧侣简翁居敬所作的赞文，记录了布袋和尚的轶闻趣事。赞文内容左起如下：大开笑口以手扪/胸全无些伎倆/争可在天宫哑/罪过我阎浮着/你侬 居敬赞","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"　불룩한 배를 내밀고 웃고 있는 둥근 얼굴에 돼지코 인물은 미륵의 화신으로서 신앙심을 불러 모은 포대이다. 이 그림의 표현에서 포인트가 되는 것은 붓놀림으로, 수염과 머리털 등은 물기가 적은 엷은 먹, 옷의 주름선은 조금 짙으면서 물기가 많은 먹이 종이에 번져 있다. 그림에서 가장 짙은 먹은 두 눈에만 사용했으며, 이 그림의 작자는 먹의 농담과 번짐의 법칙을 이해하고 그 특성을 살려 정교하게 포대를 그려냈음을 알 수 있다. \r\n　그린 인물에 대해서는 중국 화승 목계로 전해진다. 목계는 13세기 남송시대 말기부터 원시대 초기에 걸쳐 활약한 승려 화가로, 일본에서는 '오쇼'(화상)로 불리며 특별한 존재로 매우 높은 평가를 받았다.  『어물어화목록』과 『무로마치전 행차 장식 기록』 등의 문헌을 통해, 무로마치시대에 아시카가 쇼군 가문에서 이 그림을 목계의 작품으로서 소장했던 사실을 확인할 수 있다. 그 이래 도쿠가와 쇼군 가문 등 권력자가 소중히 간직하였고, 일본에서는 500년 이상에 걸친 유서 깊은 중국회화로서 알려져 있다. 또 다도 모임에서 걸어 감상하는 족자 작품으로도 유명하여 '배를 어루만지는 포대'라는 애칭이 붙었다. \r\n　그림의 위쪽에는 중국 승려 간옹거경(13세기 활약)이 포대의 일화를 써넣었다.\r\n\r\n찬문(왼쪽부터 기필): 大開笑口以手捫／胸全無些伎倆／爭可在天宮唖／罪過我閻浮着／你儂　居敬賛","@language":"ko"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/100002001002/2/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":200,"width":87},"viewingHint":"individuals","viewingDirection":"","license":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/about","attribution":[{"@value":"独立行政法人国立文化財機構","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"National Institutes for Cultural Heritage","@language":"en"},{"@value":"国立文化财机构","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"국립문화재기구","@language":"ko"}],"logo":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/assets/img/logo.png"}],"rendering":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/detail?langId=ja&webView=&content_base_id=100002&content_part_id=0&content_pict_id=0","label":[{"@value":"e国宝 - 布袋図","@language":"ja"},{"@value":"e-Museum - <i>Portrait of Budai</i>","@language":"en"},{"@value":"e国宝 - 布袋图","@language":"zh"},{"@value":"e국보 - 포대","@language":"ko"}],"format":"text/html"},"sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100002001002.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"1","height":8466,"width":3653,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100002001002.tif/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100002001002.tif","profile":["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json",{"formats":["jpg"],"qualities":["native","color","gray"],"supports":["regionByPct","sizeByForcedWh","sizeByWh","sizeAboveFull","rotationBy90s","mirroring","gray"]}]},"height":8466,"width":3653},"on":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/iiif/?IIIF=/100002001002.tif#xywh=0,0,3653,8466"}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/img/content/100002001002/2/thumbnail.jpeg","@type":"dctypes:Image"}}]}]}